Gangs and gang behavior - week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gangs and gang behavior - week 5 - Essay ExamplePage 126 shows a inclining of all the problems in communities much(prenominal) as availability of firearms, violence and other problems. These problems lead to other problems for the members of the society, such(prenominal) as children as notable in page 127, for children between 12 years to 17 years. For example, it is long-familiar that the gang members in a society who are the roughly vicious and violent are usually the ones who are usually respected and praised by other members and even some members of the society. In disorganization theory, a child gets influence from existing members in the society. If the child gets exposed to such attitudes or beliefs, believing that the most violent gang member is the most respected, then this child also adopts the same trend, as noted in page 128 on risk factors. This is where the developmental theory comes in, because such a child who is chthonian the wrong influence views the gang lif e as the best choice. Therefore, it is not surprising to see such a child failing in school and adopting the gangster-like behavior while trying so that he or she also gets the same respect.In chapter 5, page 119, Howell clearly states that the development theories explain more on gang joining, as part of a development process. As child, such as the one mentioned in the example who joins a gang because of influence from the neighborhood gangs is also likely to influence other children, such as his or her friends. Therefore, it becomes a development process as proposed in the development theories, because more children confront to join

The Value of Hosting Events as a Destination Development Strategy Assignment - 11

The Value of Hosting Events as a termination Development Strategy - Assignment ExampleThe business sector portion comprising of those people whom go to go to function, or the one to be inspired to go to event if it is hosted away from home. In the field of tourism, the grammatical construction event is utilised to portray the diverse classifications of events, a considerable lot of which may have fishy recognizable viewpoints. It incorporates events from the Olympic Games as the uber-event to little events, for example, local festivals (Hall 2002). The request of occasions is to a great goal of a limited time apportioning and different in nature. In the occasions business immediately the sort of occasions can be requested by size and scale, and are typically through with(p) in a going with way. Be that as it may, events can likewise be ordered by reason and the inspiration driving either holding or going to the event, not to the specific theater of operations to which they hav e a place. Much attention will be paid to the value of hosting events as a strategy for developing destination. It is regularly put on the economic effect mostly in send of the way the coordinators of the occasion and government must meet spending arrangement targets and to legitimize the cost, and to some tier in light of the fact that these impacts are slightest requesting to study. Huge duty to the monetary impact assessment is a cost that happens after an occasion (Chalip 2005). Diverse methods can be used to study the monetary impacts of occasions. The idea will address the way that tourism can empower gathering pride as get windors visit the spot that is, as it ought to be. All around presented towns and all that much kept up workplaces for visitors offer them to feeling some help with inviting and can add to the sentiment gathering pride.

The Truthfulness of Scientific Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Truthfulness of Scientific Theories - Essay ExampleAs the discussion stressestheories are a very important part and basis of any research in science. It is reliant on binary trial and error experiments. Once a theory is made by a researcher, it is only rectify until another theory is bought forward to successfully dispute it. Basic all(prenominal)y, a proven theory is only one when it has survived all the plausible counterarguments. A theory gives people details on the examinations and methods of investigations that were expended to bring it about. There are more famous theories such as the theory of Evolution and Quantum Mechanics theory, among others. Because of these and many other theories, the human finish has come a long way with knowledge and enlightenment.This paper highlights that a theory is detailed randomness on observations, tests and reasoning that live been made concerning a specific topic or concept. Scientific theories have to be supported by sensible and e xamined facts. There is a clear difference between facts and theories. Facts buns be observed and measured and theories on the other hand explain these facts and give meaning to them.Theories bear be good, bad, or uninteresting. The researcher has to gather all the factual evidence, or else, his theory may alone lack credibility. Theories are the basis of expanding our scientific knowledge and gathering all the information for practical uses. everyplace many years, scientists have used theories in order to invent even the smallest of technologies and to find cure for diseases.

Teenage pregnancy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

teen gestation - Term Paper Example accord to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States judicature could save $9 billion dollars annually if teen pregnancy were prevented. As a result of increasing cases of jejune pregnancy, most of the funds are exhausted primarily in foster care, health care, and incarceration costs. Teenage pregnancy is a matter of appertain in the State of disseminated sclerosis, which is among the top five states with the highest number of teenage pregnancies (Klemas et al., 2009). The majority of teenagers who were pregnant are those of non-Hispanic origin. In a survey study conducted in 2006, Mississippi was the leading in teenage pregnancies amongst the 50 states (Klemas et al., 2009). Additionally, Mississippi was the leading with teen births all over the country and it has led to a loss to the State government of Mississippi due to heavy spending on various programs aimed at addressing the challenges (Klemas et al., 2009). Fro m the above discussion, teenage pregnancy is a topic of concern in the American society. It has attracted the attention of all the stakeholders including the health, government, and nongovernmental organizations. Additionally, the government has spent considerable millions of dollars derived from the public funds to finance the health care and other incarnations related to teenage pregnancy (Klemas et al., 2009). Teenage pregnancy affects everybody, and its a duty of everyone to rally support to stop the issue. The most important solution to the occupation includes the government use of resources to offer education to the targeted group and the use of media to educate and inform on the consequences of teenage pregnancy. Teenage pregnancy can stop if the government increases awareness amongst the targeted group through the use of its resources to defend against the vice.Many of the teenage pregnancies are unplanned for and mostly occur due to poverty and lack of

The American Congress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The American Congress - Essay ExampleThis research paper aims to show the possible improvements within the public insurance making process of the legislation under the condition when the federal legislative terms of the members of the Congress atomic number 18 limited. This study will first narrate a con background of the American Congress. It will discuss the specifications of the offices held by the members of the Congress both the House of Representatives and the Senate. It will then discuss the authoritative and negative effectuate when the office terms of the members of the Congress be shortened. The American Congress the House of Representatives and the Senate The legislative branch of the American Federal government consists of members of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The legislations primary task is to create Congressional bills that be subject to executive review and Congressional votes those of which pass as state laws afterwards. The legislature als o has the force play to approve executive decisions through two-thirds vote of the chamber. Petitions for impeachment are deliberated by the House of Representatives which are then lordly for trials in the Senate. ... The Senate comprises of 100 members - two senators from each state, regardless of population (Art & History). The members of the House of Representatives are choose to serve for two years while the members of the Senate are elected to serve for six years (Smith, Roberts and Vander Wielen 87-121). The American Congress Under a Limited Federal Legislative Term Under the retainer where the federal legislative terms of the members of the Congress are put together to a limit, there are several(prenominal) positive and negative effects to the policy making process of the legislative branch as a whole. The positive aspect about limiting the terms of service of the members of the Congress is the sense of inevitable battle of each of the newly elected individuals into off ice. The shorter the term of service of the politicians, the more determined they establish to out-wit the previous legislative set. Indeed, a sense of competition is naturally established amongst every new set of congressmen/congresswomen. In take fire with this mentality, it can be assumed that the members of the Congress could produce better policies policies that would garner the most satisfaction from their constituents and would put the public interest in the forefront. Efficiency in public service is also another positive effect under the condition of limited federal legislative term. Due to the influence of competitiveness, the newly elected sets of congressmen/congresswomen would be forced to produce a more efficient quality of service because they would want their short time in office to be remembered by their constituents. In this case, the American Congress would obviously become more aggressive in terms of

The UK Economy and International Trade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 12

The UK Economy and International Trade - attempt ExampleThis essay declares that monopolistic competition is clearly seen in industries such as banking, electronics, fashion and garments, fodder manufacturing, fast food retail, and almost all personal and professional service industries like hair styling and grooming. For these industries, at that place are many suppliers whose products are easily intervened for each other and although differentiation is created in the mind of the buyer, the battle is not so insurmountable that another brand more conveniently accessible could not substitute for the other, first choice. In contrast, an oligopoly exists where only few competitors operate. Unlike in monopolistic competition, wherein the legal actions of competitors do not go the others, in oligopoly, output decisions of individual firms have a decisive influence on the course of action the other firms decide to take. In an oligopoly, the following elements are present A good examp le of an oligopoly is the securities industry for diamonds, which is dominated by De Beers, which corners 60% of the market, and other, relatively recently established, diamond firms in Canada, Russia and Australia. De Beers had once monopolized the diamond carry on by buying out all its competitors and controlling the price. As more diamond deposits were discovered, De Beers was compelled to try a new tact, veering away from the diamond cartel, and instead embarking on brand strategy. Other oligopolies exist in the industries that produce automobile, cigarettes, cruise ships, and aluminum.

Coca Cola's Global Business Strategy Research Paper

Coca Colas Global Business Strategy - interrogation Paper ExampleThe telephoner was established in 1886 and the flagship brand spread all over the world. The caller-up runs its business concern in the aras of manufacturing, retailing and marketing soft drinks, beverages and non-alcoholic syrups across the world. The company sells around 500 brands in 200 countries across the world catering to 1.7 billion customers per day. A total of 1,46,200 employees have been engaged by the Coca Cola Company all over the world in order to run its business of manufacturing, retailing and selling of soft drinks, beverages and syrups in different countries. The company earned revenues of slightly over 48 billion dollars with an operating income of close to 11 billion dollars in 2012. The business of Coca Cola is by and large supported by the add on chain and logistics management of the company. The drinks and beverages manufactured by the company in its factories be distributed to the wholesal ers and retailers, franchisees of the company, etc. The franchisees, agents and retailers sell the products of Coca Cola in the regional markets all over the world. Some of the celebrated brands of Coca Cola include the Coca Cola, Fanta, Sprite, Valpre, etc (THECOCA-COLACOMPANY 1). In order to deal with the areas of risk in the supply chain, the company adopts global business strategies to distribute its products in several countries. Research Methodology The research methodology adopted for this study on the company background of Coca Cola Company and its supply chain strategies to distribute its products in the international boundaries have been explained as follows. This is a secondary research conducted with the practise of existing data. The data and required information on the company and its strategies to distribute the products in the international boundaries in an efficient manner have been collected from electronic sources, companys official website and from the books o n logistic management of the company. The data collected from the company is reliable and have been qualitatively analyzed to determine how the company addresses the areas of risk and achieves efficient distribution of its products in order to meet the international demand of its products. Analysis and findings In order to deal with the risks of supply chain that includes agency cost, delay in delivery of the products due to negotiate players, conflicting interest with the distributors, Coca Cola Company undertakes global business strategy to distribute its products internationally in order to meet the global demand. The company operates a franchisee based distribution network end-to-end the world. The franchisees undertake contracts and agreements with the Coca Cola Company for retailing of the drinks, beverages and syrups manufactured by the company (Stock andLambert 45). The franchisees are given the responsibility for distribution and sale of the products for the particular re gion. The supply chain interruptions, malicious tampering of products, exile delays are the areas of risk for the company. In order to address the areas of risk, the company adopted the global strategy of replacement existing logistics with an

Impact of Wars on Architecture and Design of New Buildings Essay

equal of Wars on Architecture and Design of New Buildings - Essay ExampleIt is imperative to note that the history of computer architecture is a rich arena where valuable models exist that exemplify on past failures, as sound as instances where new theoretical models would harness so as to come up with a vivacious twist. Take for example, the workings of Herscher (2008) and Livesey (2011) take a closer look at architectural structures subjected to military strikes or hasten been part of collateral damage. In this synthesis, Herscher and Livesey find that structures that were subjected to military bombardment have divergent subway to the energy of the bombardment. It is admissible that some structures have withstood direct bombardment as shown in the pictures alongside from the works of Livesey and Herscher. The indecision is whether this has help strengthening structures, and construction patterns? This remains to be a quagmire in the minds of some(prenominal) scholars (Sch wartz, 2012, Livesey, 2011, Teal, 2011). Neo-rationalism provides a present-day(a) thought pattern that is in line with raw challenges. Schwartz (2012) talks of the emergence of a breed of architects that have malevolent acts ruining the reputation of the architectural body. A research by Schwartz effect that a aggroup of architects have fallen into the habit of designing structures that are substandard or having flaws, although minute, notwithstanding imminent to hold a weakness in the building. A good case in question is that of The Loos Case as highlighted in the works of Schwartz (2012). It is further noted that, considering historical times and comparing.... The question is whether this has aided strengthening structures, and construction patterns? This remains to be a quagmire in the minds of many scholars (Schwartz, 2012, Livesey, 2011, Teal, 2011). Neo-rationalism provides a modern-day thought pattern that is in line with modern challenges. Schwartz (2012) talks of the emergence of a breed of architects that have malevolent acts ruining the reputation of the architectural body. A research by Schwartz found that a group of architects have fallen into the habit of designing structures that are substandard or having flaws, although minute, yet imminent to create a weakness in the building. A good case in question is that of The Loos Case as highlighted in the works of Schwartz (2012). It is further noted that, considering historical times and comparing it with the topical time, it is emergent that the current state of affairs shows an increase in crime levels especially crime inclined towards warchitecture (Schwartz, 2012). Teal (2011) and Herscher (2008) pull good use of visual aspects by communicating more using these pictures of architectural building thereby surpassing the information contained in writing. Apparently, it is emergent that utilization of pictures in their work makes the work not entirely attractive but distinctive to the effect that it propagates information detailing aspects on architecture easily baffled in the wording of literature. For example, the works of Teal (2011) highlight the making of a simple to complex structure that makes it possible to see divergent parts of the structure that makes it strong. In the works of Teal, it is amusing to note that, modern structures are fashioned in such a manner that it is made simple,

Consumer Behavior Attitudes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Consumer way Attitudes - Essay ExampleTHE THEORY OF REASONED ACTIONThe formula for TORA is as follows.B1=w1 A (act) + w2 SN (act) whereBI= Behavioral heart W1 and w2= weights (typically these are previously determined)A (act)=Attitude toward an action (e.g., purchase)SN (act)=Subjective NormsA (act) = (Bi Ei) i=1Bi= Belief that an action (e.g., purchase) will lead to a consequence iEi= Evaluation of brilliance/desirability of consequence ii= Consequences 1, 2m nSN (act) = (NBj MCj) j=1NBj= Belief that a reference multitude (j) wants you to perform a certain action (e.g., purchase)MCj= Motivation to comply with reference group jj= Reference groups 1, 2.nBut w1=0.6and w2=0.4 m=3, n=2B1 (Buying the Motorcycle) = w1 A (act) + w2 SN (act)A (act) = (-3*2) + (2*3) + (-3*-3) + (-3*2) + (1*1)= -6 + 6 +9 + -6 +1 = 4. nSN (act) = (NBj MCj) j=1= (-3*2) + (-1*1)= -6 + -1= -7.Thus, B1 = (0.6 * 4) + (0.4 * -7) =2.4 - 2.8 = - 0.8B1 (Buying a car) = w1 A (act) + w2 SN (act)A (act) = (2*2) + (-2* 3) + (2*-3) + (3*2) + (3*1) = 4+ -6 +-6 +6 +3 = 1 nSN (act) = (NBj MCj) j=1 = (3*2) + (3*1) =6+3 =9.Thus,B1 = (0.6*1) + (0.4*9) =0.6 + 3.6 =4.2.DeductionsAccording to Ajzen and Fishbeins the Theory of cerebrate activeness is clustered into three stratums. Thus intention the ingrained hypothesis of this assumption is that a persons motive(prenominal) is the most crucial forecaster and influencer of spot. In the event that a person wishes to partake on something then...This is important as it will help the interviewer to know the mistakes or the failures which they will need to work on, so as to meet the demands of their clients.According to Ajzen and Fishbeins the Theory of Reasoned Action is clustered into three stratums. Thus intention the fundamental hypothesis of this assumption is that a persons motive is the most important forecaster and influencer of attitude. In the event that a person wishes to partake on something then they will definitely do it. Ajzen & Fishbein, (19 81). The theory of Reasoned Action implies that motives are influenced by Attitude toward the behavior and the subjective Norms.The mindset toward the behavior is exactly what the persons former attitude toward doing that behavior is. The implicit is that people think through their decisions and possible outcomes which guide them through the making of a decision. There is an attitude formed about the overall decision and the object that which the decision is being do around. Theres a mindset formed about the overall decision and the object that which the decision is being do around (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). For example, if a couple is trying to decide if they should take a vacation to Disney world could be characterized by a mindset. The rationale could be that the couple is not adverse to Disney world and has a collateral attitude towards it.

Austens Growing Feminism in Emma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Austens Growing Feminism in Emma - Essay ExampleRarely was it possible to cook two and often it was found, too late, that it was possible to attain neither. Even in the very early 1800s, though, some of these ideas were beginning to surface in the literature produced. Writers such as Jane Austen emerged as proto-feminists, planting the seeds of a stark naked day while still remaining acceptable to the old. This careful blending of feminist ideals with traditional behaviors quite a little be found in such novels as Emma, in which critics have found support both for the traditional role of women as well as encouragement for a new way of opinion about women.Womens lives were often strictly contained within rigidly defined terms. Women who formed the upper grade enjoyed ample time for leisure activities in their lifestyles and once a woman married, her role was to simply to spot the home and the household. Though the life of the upper class woman might seem easier and more true( p) than that of a lower class woman, this was not always the case. Land, titles, and money were inherited by the closest male person relative typically the older son, but if there was no older son then it would go to a more distant relation. Only the small amount of money set aside as a womans marriage dowry went to an unmarried woman by and by the death of her father. In addition, many women were married nominally against their will in arranged marriages, by the Victorian age situation the woman herself as commodity (Levine-Clark, 1991). As a result, many mothers and daughters were left extremely poor after the death of their husband and fathers. At the same time, the activities they were permitted to take part in remained relatively sedate and home-bound.

Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 12

Philosophy - try ExampleThus, all knowledge of things comes to us by objects that are outside. In a way, Hobbes has put onward a mechanism of knowledge we receive stimuli and our brain and heart interpret it and then they send us signals that help us interpret what that thing is. However, at least in Leviathan, Hobbes is not too buy the farm on how the signals are sent from within us.Hobbes goes on to state that, thus, when we would express the decay, and signify that the sense is fading, of age(predicate) and past, it is called retrospection (Hobbes Chapter II). He says that memory is simply our old sensory perceptions that have faded enough for us to not be able to remember them clearly, equivalentning it to the light of the stars which fades during daylight, but is there still. Thus, our experiences are the congeries of our memories. For Hobbes, memory is at par with imagination, with one slight difference, memory must always be through empirical observation possible, where as imagination need not be so. However, what is interesting is that Hobbes does not lay down the condition that memory has to be true in the sense of it having actually occurred, it can be an untrue event when it comes to the candor of its occurrence, but it will be considered a memory of it is empirically possible. So, according to Hobbes, all memory, just like our senses, are perceived from objects that are outside of us, which we interpret through our sensory perception. In turn, it is these memories that shape up our world-view and our beliefs about things that are around us.When it came to memory, Plato held the view that everything that we know, or will ever know, is actually present in our memory already, or anamnesis. Time, and its passing, are mere illusions, when what is actually happening is that our memory is unfolding, nothing more. We are not acquiring new knowledge, rather it is our old memories that are unfolding and the illusion of time makes us think

Gay and Lesbian Rights Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gay and Lesbian Rights - Assignment ExampleWhile queerness did non draw anything to do with communism, the power of the US was related to gender with homosexuality being seen as a downslope of ones masculinity (Adam 56). At around this time, there was already the feeling among the political reactionaries that homosexuality would destroy the American society. This led to its repression in federal, state, and local governments across the US with authorities arresting homosexuals in human bars. This reactionary activity meted out on homosexuals had an immense impact on homosexuals as they were fired and taken to mental institutions by the end of the 40s (Adam 57). In the 50s, gays and lesbians allied themselves to different minorities with the aim of having a big(a) society, initially taking a cautious approach with the aim of ensuring survival and a reduction of distaste (Adam 60). The war had opened up increased opportunities at employment for gay people, whereas also allowin g them to meet early(a) gay people and experience gay culture at port cities when they were deployed. However, the end of the war brought with it a clamor for a return to the original social order that did not have a built in bed for gay people. The tensions that arose from this reactionary attitude led to the rise of a homophile faecal matter, oddly among working clique women and men who had been demobilized from the army. The most important of these movements was the Mattachine Society in 1951 in LA. The main aim of this society was to flux gays and lesbians who had been isolated from one another, education of all people on the probability of an ethical homosexual fraternity and assist those gays and lesbians under oppression. However, the movement reversed its objectives under pressure in 1953 to a low-key movement looking for accommodation. The homophile movement was again revamped with the entry of the Daughters of Bilitis (DOB) in 1955 (Adam 64). However, it was also mo re inclined to bit for accommodation until the terror from the reactionaries subsided. By the 1960s, the homophile movement, had become part of the larger social upheaval and was not satisfied with simple accommodation and assimilation (Adam 68). The Beats movement of the 60s gave rise to cultural dissident zones in New York and San Francisco, including gays and lesbians. This increased the boldness of the DOB and Mattachine movements, which expanded to major cities across the US, only to be met with resistance again, especially politically. However, taking a leaf from the Civil Rights Movement, gays, and lesbians also began to call for their acceptance as full equals (Adam 72). In Making History the Very Mad Scientist coarse Kameny, the author also discusses the effects of the end of WWII on gays and lesbians, especially after they were fired from government and military positions. One of the people who suffered from this action was Frank Kameny, who grew up in New York before mov ing to Washington D.C. after completing Ph.D. studies at Harvard. The U.S. Army comprise Service soon employed him before being fired in 1957 (Marcus 94). After attempting to get his ruminate back for three years by himself, he finally decided to join up with other gay and lesbian movements. He joined Jack Nichols in 1961 to form the Washington D.C. Mattachine Society, which brought him to the attention of the FBI. Frank was soon to take part in protests, become involved in court cases, confrontations, and a eonian subject of FBI surveillance. In 1957, he was called back from an assignment and accused of being gay, which was visible from his frequent visits to gay bars. This resulted in his being served with notice that he was to be fired for being a

Slashing Prices, Stabbing Backs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Slashing Prices, Stabbing Backs - Essay ExampleWal-Mart has been made in perpetuating their elitist position through the manipulation of media outlets, political groups, and public policy organizations. They have continually chased a conflict of quest course by donating money to those that are supposed to produce an guileless report on them. On a local level, they have used contacts with other elitists, and political depravity to gain favorable zoning ordinances for their stores. Public policy is often cheated by research on Wal-Mart that is financed by Wal-Mart. These are typical examples of the transgressions made by the power elite as they seek to dominate the tear down classes.Wal-Mart has brought significant harm to the middle and lower classes. They have exploited gender as well ethnicity in their quest for control. They reveal their own stand when Sally Pipes, a reporter with a financial interest in Wal-Mart, defends the company against a charge of sex discrimination by c laiming, The case against Wal-Mart, ... follows the standard feminist stereotype of women as victims, men as villains and large corporations as inherently evil (qtd. Barbaro & Strom, 2006). The reply makes it unequivocal that they see the world through the lens of strata domination. Meanwhile, Wal-Mart exploits the working class by exporting vast poesy of manufacturing jobs.

Knowledge management Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Knowledge management - Annotated Bibliography voiced that KM is supported as a means of harnessing and utilizing intellectual resources to address challenges, as tumefy as improving innovation, business performance and client approval.This paper aims at providing annotated bibliography for the topic of knowledge management. later on careful selection, five articles have been found from the online library, and these have been discussed here in the paper. A common dress has been used for summarizing the articles to be able to cover the major aspects of the paper.The main aim of the article is to identify the reputation of the methodology employed by top business and management journals and to analyse the aspects that are considered while origination of the management knowledge.This article has used a very different approach and completes its sampling from the various former(a) management articles that have been presented in the past. Based on this, the following information Sampl e A light speed and twenty articles have been chosen from leading management journals between the periods of 1991 to 2000.Instrument Secondary Data collection (Desk Study) compendium The analysis of the article focuses on the characteristics of the authorship and also focuses on the query methodology adopted by the sample articles.The research findings clearly provides detailed explanation of the authorship profiles, where it has been found that majority of the contributors are ripened academics and only as low as 6% of the total papers were actually by lecturers or assistant professors. The major contributors were the associate professors and the professors. The findings also find that majority of the authors were male with around 35% of the authors as female.This research although not directly related to the topic, proves to be very helpful and impactful in the field of research as in knowledge management. This article helps the students and the readers identify with a various set of important aspects wish well the reliability, and validity of the

Annotated Bibliography Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Annotated Bibliography - Assignment voice-This was another research work that looked at the epidemiology of West Vile virus in Louisiana. In the paper, a quantitative system that made use of an environmental predictive model was used. in this model, a geographic information system and remote sensing were developed to find the relationship between benevolent graphic symbols and case in dead birds. The study concluded that there was 74% of relation. In terms of methods, there exit be some level of similarity with the intended study to be carried out. However, there will be difference with the population because in the intended study, there will be an exclusive use of human populations.This study communicate the issue of predictors of hyperendemicity of West Nile virus in Texas. With the focus of the researcher to undertake a spatial analysis of the virus and its predictors in Texas, Poisson was modeled as the exclusive method to aid the researcher achieve the said goals of the s tudy. The outcome of the study showed that Hockley, Lubbock and Lynn, which were used as primary clusters were all hotspots for the disease. Leon and Robertson were also hotspots purview used as secondary clusters. It was concluded that there is a geographic relation with contracting the disease. The method is different from the intended methodology even though the variables of the population would be slightly same.The research was addressed to the issue of the role that birds play in the spread of the West Vile virus. A quasi sample was used as method for data collection by the researcher, where the outcome of the study showed that indeed American Tree Sparrows have a role to play in the distribution of the disease in man. amid resident species and migrating species, it was concluded that there was increased incidence of West Vile virus as compared to migrating species. In line with the proposed study, the

Health Related Website Eval Form and Nursing Article from Bay College Assignment

Health link Website Eval Form and Nursing Article from Bay College Library - Assignment ExampleIt provides an opportunity for students to check turn out issues in the periodic stalks for a week. The article is reliable as it provides reliable and verifiable information. Students do non have to pay any money for accessing information. The article provides quality information that is available for students from home and in campus (Bay College Library Resource for Nursing, 2012).People can understand usher based practice by establishing the subject matter of this approach and understanding its benefits. Geriatric article explains how evidence based practice can connect gaps between, surmisal and practice. It is quite unfortunate, as many nurses do not have the skills of incorporating evidenced based treat in clinical practice. This article explains patient centered approach as an approach used in evidence based nursing as a strategy for improving patience care (Rubin, 2011). The article illustrates that the nursing profession, as a practice should strive to improve patients care (Barker, 2009). Evidence based practice is not only based on research since it includes all forms of research. It is a research practice where nurses use modern information to make clinical

Olympics Document Based Question Essay Example for Free

exceptionals Document Based Question leavenDBQ Essay (Modern Day Olympics 1896 2002) struggle, patriotism, and money paid by various corporations/countries all shaped the modern day Olympics.War played a major role in shaping the modern day Olympic Games. In document one, Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympic movement, states that the Olympics would serve as a reduction of fight because of the worldwide aspiration between various countries. Coubertin wrote this document to attempt to convince the Athletic Society of France to bushel the Olympic Games. In document 3, the autobiography of Arnold Lunn talks about how the Nazis used certain competition to constitute to the world that a dictatorship (or Nazism) is better than democracy. The only thing that mattered to the Nazis was to win. The Nazis had pictured the Olympics as a war where it was the Nazis against the world. Document 5 reveals that if Japan wouldnt have hosted the Olympic Games after the Secon d World War, they wouldve never gotten what they needed to rise as a world trade power. Ryotaro Azuma wrote this document to recognize the fact that the Olympics had evolved into an event that would ultimately save a country.Nationalism also played a major role in shaping the modern day Olympic Games. Document 2 recognizes the fact that men were too proud to let women represent their country in the Olympics. Document 4 represents nationalism because it shows how proud America would be if they beat the Soviets in any secern of competition during the Olympics. Bob Matthias wrote this document to show us the determination and pride the U.S had to defeat the soviets, and how the Olympics evolved into a competition between just the U.S and the Soviets.

Chronicle of a Summer Essay Example for Free

Chronicle of a spend EssayEthno parable is a term that is used to provide a new contemporary sound to an older terminology (neologism) particularly dealing with docufiction (a term coined from the combination of the nomenclature documentary and fiction painting). In visual anthropology, ethnofiction refers to ethnography or the genre of writings which gives an elucidating study or point of view regarding human societies. Predominantly, the results of the holistic research method atomic number 18 presented by ethnography and back be used in ethnofiction.In addition to this, ethnofiction also consists of both gainal and diachronic connections. A lot of ethnic anthropologists and ethnologists are using ethnofiction in their works and consider it as the essence of discipline. denim Rouch, the most renowned ethnologists, specific every last(predicate)y considered as the father of ethnofiction was able to understand and disc all over that in devising events which are regist ered by the camera. Consequently, the camera in this scenario or scene becomes a participant. Due to practice, research and documentaries are lavished with the idea of using cameras.This is in accordance to Rouchs aim of furthering his goals, objectives and introduction of the actor as a tool in the moving picture or in Rouchs research. According to Brian Quist, through jean Rouch a new genre (of filmmaking) was born. Jean Rouch is an innovative French director who definitely fathered the ordure called cinema-verite. Jean Rouchs style of filmmaking is a spontaneous one that blurred between or consists of educational, ethnographic and fiction film. Rouch filmed in many tungsten Afri bathroom countries where he was able to train and support actors, cameramen, technicians and directors. hotshot of his apprentices was Safi Faye. The African filmmakers that Jean Rouch promoted did non in the end become avant-garde cinema-verite directors, largely because they could not chip in to take ten or twenty hours of rushes to produce a 45-minute feature, but he may sop up had an effect in other ways. When he set out to produce history he adopted a version of ethnographic realism. In 1975 he filmed a story situated in the late 19th century, Babatou , les trios conseils, with a crew of technicians from Niger and on the basis of a script written by the historian Boubou Hama.Following his work habits, he developed only minimally the dialogue, which the actors fleshed out by extemporization on location. The team travelled around to find a suitable location. The problem was to find places that had not changed in a hundred years, without corrugated metal roofs or plastic containers. Without further safeguards this solution is illusory, because the sun-baked carcass houses of the savannah rarely survive one hundred years and what appears old now may be an environment radically transformed during the colonial period.Jean Rouchs search still reveals more interest for hist orical authenticity, compared to the shortcuts that Kabore takes, but is inspired by the same supposition that in Africa the actual looks like the historical once you remove from it what is ostensibly European origin (Bickford-Smith and Mendelsohn 20). Jean Rouchs aesthetic is guided by the effort to produce ethnographic estrangement. Rouch celebrated film Les Maitres fous (1955), filmed in Ghana among migrant workers from Niger who abide a possession ritual, is very much a display of radical difference, even if recorded with fancy and respect.As such, it goes very much against the grain of how most West African intellectuals would like to see their heathen heritage presented to outsiders, the main reason, I think, why many of them do not like Rouchs films. West African films look different and show the culture in a different way. There are statelier in rhythm and style and less adventurous in form. They also present their characters as good-hearted and not wild. Cinema-verite i s translated as Film truth in French. Cinema-verite is as style of filmmaking that uses the camera as a protagonist, as a catalyst for action (Kahn 185).In addition to this, it is derived from Dziga Vertovs Kino-pravda a documentary film series in the Soviet Union of the 1920s, wherein it was grand that the film audience realized it was watching a film, not reality. The term was coined by Jean Rouch together with the help of Edgar Morin while making Chronique dun ete (1961) with pertly developed, portable cameras and Nagra sound recorders. In this film interview, subjects of Rouch and Morin get to watch and comment on footage of themselves.The term cinema-verite also implies that the filmmakers try to avoid manipulating documentary truth, but it has often been confused with Direct Cinema which is a movement which emphasized objectivity over reflexivity of cinema-verite. The term verite is used in Hollywood to denote a style of shooting to achieve the effects of veracity and immedi acy or the jerky, hand-held camera and amyloidal out-of-focus texture (Barnard et al. 377). In the other(a) 1960s, technical advances made it possible for small crews to produce synchronous-sound location films.The equipment encourage some filmmakers to record actions and events as detached observers, naively assuming that they were not significantly influencing the actions being followed. The alleged(prenominal) American direct cinema of Richard Leacock, Robert Drew, the Maysles brothers (Albert and David), and the others helped to define this kind of documentary. Eventually, it led to what is known today as observational-style film, which became so attractive for some ethnographic filmmakers (Ruby 12).Jean Rouch on the other hand, having founded the cinema-verite, obviously adopts the opposite approach different the previously mentioned ethnographers of filmmakers. Jean Rouch aim in cinema-verite is to bind the subjects reveal their culture. The use of the camera as a charact er in the films he made was due to the fact that he felt that the presence of the camera could provoke a cine trance for his subjects. In Chronicle of a Summer (1961), the filmmakers combined the ideas they admit borrowed from Flaherty with those of Soviet film theorist and practitioner Dziga Vertov.Rouch brought the cameras and his filmmaking style into Paris streets for impromptu encounters in which the filmmaking process was often a part of the film, with filmmakers and equipment in frame. Consequently, the actions of Jean Rouch and his works lead to an immediate notice or significant fascinate to the films of French New Wave directors such as Jean-Luc Godard and Chris marker, whose film Le Foli Mai is a direct repartee to Chronicle of a Summer.Rouchs influence in the United States was not immediate contrary that of the France because so few of his films were accessible (Ruby 12). Rouch has persistently continued with his style and to develop his collaborative approach over a forty-year period in a number of films made with West Africans. Some criticized certain early efforts, Such as Les Maitres Fous (1955), as ethnocentric because of an assumed overemphasis on the bizarre, but others celebrated it as authorized surrealist film (Ruby 5).However, his intentions was to produce a shared anthropology in which those in front of the camera shared the causation with the director. This idea reached an apex with his so-called ethnographic science fiction films, such as Petit a Petit (1968), Cocorico, Monsieur volaille (1983) and Madame lEau (1992). Rouch is not alone in France in his adventurous experiments in collaboration. In 1964, George Rouqier produced a film about a year in life on a farm as lived by his relatives.In his film, the subjects were asked to enact their lives which is kind of ethnodocudrama. Although it was screened at the 1947 Venice Film Festival as a French form of neorealism, it has been virtually ignored by the United States anthropolog ists. Jean Rouch is also not alone when it comes to his interests in button the limits of documentary realism. For showcase, the United States anthropologist Robert Ascher experimented with drawing directly on film to produce a cameraless interpretation of a myth which is considered to be a technique found in experimental art films.As with Rouch, his efforts have been ignored. Stoller contends that Jean Rouch is a premature postmodernist. However, it should be considered that Rouchs work in multivocality and reflexivity has been ignored by the so-called crisis of representation and writing culture folks. Their lack of understanding of Rouchs many contributions to the postmodern debates that have obsessed anthropology in recent years perhaps the best example of how marginalized ethnographic film is to the mainstream of cultural anthropology.Other anthropologists who disagree with Rouchs filmmaking style and contributions simply do not see his work as contributing to their interests (Ruby 13). From his works and style in enthnofiction, as find in his Chronicle of a Summer, a certain concept of ethnofiction can be identified. However, before reaching that fruitful conclusion or concept, Jean Rouch had to perform several tests or experiments in filmmaking, particularly exploring the subject matter or aspects of ethnofiction. found from his works and experiments, five characteristics can be deduced.First, is the thorough ethnographical research (Quist 9) which can be observed in his films such as Les maitres fous and Batille Sur Le Grand Fleuve. Second, ethnofiction consists of truthful circumstances and accurate corroboration (Quiest 9). Third, ethnofiction utilizes the cinemas need for story as well as dramatic curve (Quiest 9) which can be observed in Jean Rouch films such as The Lion Hunters. Fourth is the characteristic, on Rouchs term, cine-trance which have been previously mentioned or discussed.Commonly, cine-trance is referred to as improvisation. The fifth characteristic of ethnofiction, and probably the most important part of the films and considerations of Jean Rouch is participant reaction which can be observed in Chronicle of a Summer (Quist 9). After the establishment of the five characteristics of ethnofiction, there was a need for Jean Rouch to develop a single film that would encompass all these five characteristics of ethnofiction. Jean Rouch pursued an ethnofiction film that would incorporate all these characteristics.The film noted in Quist analysis is Jaguar which was completed and released in 1967. This film became the classic example for ethnofiction film because it encompassed or included all the five characteristics of ethnofiction perfectly. This comprehensive ethnofiction film instantly gained fame and became renowned not only in Africa but also to film festivals worldwide (Quist 10). Jean Rouchs perseverance heretofore does not stop at the success of Jaguar. He continued honing his skills until the five char acteristics of ethnofiction became very known with him and his films.He continuously endeavoured in order to improve the cinema-verite which he and Morison founded. He also continued making films to influence other filmmakers and to introduce different or varieties of culture from the point of view of its subjects. Jean Rouchs perseverance, efforts and success are very remarkable that he definitely lives to the expectations of those who look up to him. His influences and his contributions to the filmmaking industry really justifies Jean Rouch as father of ethnofiction.Works CitedBarnard, Tim, Timothy Barnard, and Peter Rist. South American Cinema A Critical Filmography, 1915-1994. USA First University of Texas Press Printing, 1996. Bickford-Smith, Vivian, and Richard Mendelsohn. Black and White in Colour African archives on Screen. UK James Currey Ltd, 2007. Kahn, Hillary E. Seeing and Being Seen The Qeqchi Maya of Livingston, Guatemala, and Beyond. USA The University of Texas Pr ess, 2006. Quist, Brian. Jean Rouch and the Genesis of Ethnofiction. Long Island University. Ruby, Jay. Picturing socialisation Explorations of Film and Anthropology. USA The University of Chicago, 2000.

Self Assessment Essay Example for Free

egotism Assessment EssayOverall, I line up that I have not done up to my expectations all over the course of the two presentations. Comparatively, these are the areas that have improved/worsened Engagement with Audience I feel that I had improved marginally by not referring to my phone (which happens to be my script) as often, but however, I was still distracted by the phone as surface as the power point slides. half(a) of the time, I was busy referring to my script as well as the power point slides, causing me to dawdle engagement with the audience. This is one of the biggest problems that I have to overcome through this course. More often than not, I incline to forget the content that I wish to express, which results in the constant reference to the script and slides. Furthermore, when I was looking for at the audience, I tend to look forward instead of looking at every exclusive one of them. I believe I can overcome this problem by rehearsing with friends with an aud ience of at least two people so that I can familiarize myself with looking at the caboodle more often, instead of just simply looking forward. Preparation ofPresentationIn the course of preparation, I adopted the use of presentation slides, which I feel were quite meaningful in illustrating what I was stressful to express. This helps to capture the audiences attention and gives a clear picture of the topic that I was presenting. However, dapple preparing the script, I employed the use of several bombastic words that impeded my presentation in harm of expressing fluently. I feel very restricted to the script I find myself having the obligation to follow scarcely what the script says. This is very detrimental to my presentation and as a result, I kept referring to my script part doing the presentation whenever I forget a specific sentence. I feel that I should prepare a script in point form, instead than in specific structured sentences. This way, I will be less restricted by th e script which is supposed to sanction me, not the other way round. part and FluencyIn my opinion, I feel that I can pronounce and articulate words rather well, which is one of my stronger areas. However, there is a disposition that I will stutter, most likely due to skittishness as well as the obligation to express specific sentences which I described above. There is such(prenominal) to improve and Ibelieve that more practice will be able to correct my tendency to stutter. NervousnessOverall, I was more nervous during OA1 compared to the practice presentation. It was reflected in the way I was referring to my slides and script, as well as stuttering. I feel that I was too reliant on my script, which caused me even more jitteriness once I happen to let slip on my memory. Ample practices will definitely financial aid me in managing my nervousness. Furthermore, after these two presentations, I feel that I had gained experience which will definitely aid in my future presentations .

Defining Race and Ethnicity Essay Example for Free

Defining Race and Ethnicity auditionThe term race guesss to me a congregation of people with the similar backgrounds and cultures. Race can in any case be defined as a species of people. Society defines race as the color of your skin only if this is a myth. Race is more than the color of your skin it is your lineage and heritage. It is who you ar.The term ethnic means be to races or nations based on distinctions of race or ethnological. Ethnic is when you relate to a sizable group of people and share a common and distinctive racial, national, religious, linguistic, or cultural heritage. When I hear the countersign ethnic, I associate it with the race of black people. Im not sure why simply somewhere in my life, this was instilled in my mind. I have read somewhere that this word means heathens. I dont agree with this analogy of the word but society has labeled this word to mean something bad. Ethnic has also been defined as a group of people who denounce Christianity.The se concepts are authorized in todays society because of the issues of racism and prejudice. People should not be classified by the color of their skin but by their citizenships. All people that were born in America should be classified as Americans alone, not White, Blacks, Latinos, Mexicans. These terms border on the issue of prejudice and racism.This is a really touchy subject and one has to be careful not to offend anyone when addressing these issues. It is important that when people are classified by race, that the proper terms are use when identifying these groups. Some black people like to be called African Americans rather than black and vice versus. Prejudice is a big issue in our nation and needs to be overcome. No one wants to be discriminated against no matter what their race or ethnic background is.

Guitar Salon International Essay Example for Free

Guitar beauty shop International EssayThe instrumental role I have chosen to research is the guitar. The history of the invention and manufacturing of this instrument can be traced as far back as 400 A. D, when Spain was occupied by the Romans. The guitar is seen as a direct descendent of the Roman tanbur or cithara drawing influences from the Arabic ud and undergoing a number of modifications to last become the acoustic or electric guitar that we see being used by some of todays biggest artistes. The following(a) two websites contain tuition about the history of the instrument and the manufacturing process Guitar beauty shop International (www.guitarsalon. com) Fender Guitars (www. fender. com) The influence of the guitar on music performance is perhaps most evident in the evolution of rock n roll and blues. The music movement that began with Bo Diddley and gradually separated into ten thousand styles like grunge, pop rock and punk that have dominated the last fifty year s or so of popular western music is heavily dependent on the guitar. Although the list of historied performers is an exhaustive one, the two names that really stand out are Jimi Hendrix and Buddy Guy, for their innovativeness and their lasting impact on pop culture.The creativity of the two artistes might be rooted in the fact that neither stock any formal training. The following two websites contain all the relevant information from the artistes aliveness to the details of his releases and performances www. jimihendrix. com www. buddyguy. net Music 2 Apart from the famous performers like Hendrix and Guy who revolutionized guitar playing, the instrument has withal been utilized quite often by composers. Given the tonal range of the instrument, from the delicate acoustic thinking(a) to the raw, driven electric guitar sound, composers often write pieces intended to be performed on the guitar.Once again, if we look at the realm of pop culture, where cross medium interaction is abun dant, two guitar pieces jump to mind for their resonance with the opposite content the Top Gun theme and the guitar piece from Tarantinos classic, mush Fiction. Harold Faltermeyer, the composer of the former is best know for his work in Top Gun and Beverly Hills Cop. The version of the Greek wedding song, Misirlou used in Pulp fiction was composed and performed by Dick Dale, the iconic guitar player who pioneered the Surf Rock movement. Detailed information on these two composers can be found on the following websiteswww. dickdale. com www. haroldfaltermeyer. net The sheer mickle of guitar pieces that have been composed over the years makes it near impossible to list the five most famous ones, but based on popular demand, here are the five that have captured the minds of listeners. Stairway to Heaven- open Page Eruption- Van Halen Free Bird- Allen Collins and Gary Rossington Eric Johnson- Cliffs of Dover Stevie Ray Vaughn- Texas Flood Music 3 The following two websites contain d etail lists of the greatest guitar pieces of all time www. guitarworld. com www. mahalo. com

The Discovery Essay Example for Free

The find EssayThe Discovery, by J. C Squire pulls a historical pillow slip Christopher Columbuss discovery of the vernal World on his 1942 expedition across the Atlantic Ocean which initiated the process of Spanish colonisation. The poem has done for(p) by several names including The Caravels, Sonnet and There was an Indian. John Collings Squire (J. C Squire) (1884-1958) was a British poet, writer, historian, influential literary critic and editor of the post WW1 period. He was also a confidential information poet of the Georgian period. The poem is a simple sonnet made up of two quatrains and a sestet.The verse rip scheme is abab, cdcd, efegfg. The rhyme creates a steady, forward-moving motion similar to the movement of the waves and the inevitability of the oncoming Spanish vessels reaching the shore. The poet uses simple language and foreseery which mirror the uncomplicated life of the Indian from whose perspective this historical event is retold. The discovery of th e New World is often related from the perspective of the Spanish colonisers of the 15th and sixteenth centuries. Squire also reminds us that this was a two-fold discovery as the indigenous Ameri whoremasters discovered a untried world of their own.The phrase, an Indian, in the outset stanza lends a sense of anonymity to the identity of the Indian who witnesses the comer of Columbus. The indefinite article (an) allows us to believe that this Indian represents all Native Americans. The opening melodic line is resounding of a folktale. This style suggests a mythologizing of this historical event, infusing it with an element of fantasy. One might also believe it to be an example of the oral tradition of legends told among Native Americans. Like other Indians, the Indian in the poem had k like a shot no change.His life consisted of gathering shells a simple way of life that belonged to an old culture for which this discovery was sure to be a shock. The alliteration of s/sh in the l ine along a sunlit beach. Gathering shells depicts the calm, serene and uninterrupted life of the natives. He strayed content almost aimlessly, along a sunlit beach, in no rush to go about his simple life. The presence of flick symbolises the dawn of a new era in the life of the Indian. We are reminded that historical records show that the event occurred at dawn.Light also symbolises knowledge and discovery for both the Spanish and the Indians. The caesura in the three line He heard a sudden, strange commingled noise effectively draws our attention to the abrupt change in this tranquil picture. The caesura evokes a sense of confusion in the atmosphere which was once silent but is now filled with an unfamiliar noise. This is created through the use of alliteration and hard consonants. The Indians reaction in the last line of the first stanza looked up and gasped for speech indicates how amazed and speechless he was.The caesura in line four Commingled noise looked up and gasped for speech, also denotes the abrupt actions and reactions of the Indian man. The second stanza is linked to the first stanza by means of a however explanation for the sudden change in the first quatrain. The poet evokes the Indians tone of amazement and wonder at the appearance of the huge canoes that appear by magic. The idea of magic evokes a contrast between the two civilisations the superstitious, tribal beliefs of the natives versus the more advanced scientific beliefs of the Spanish.The poet also evokes the serene, tranquil and undefiled setting and one of confusion which is emphasised by the impressive image of these unnatural and unfamiliar sea vessels on the water. The Indian is unfamiliar with these large ships. In fact, he can only describe them in terms of what he already knows, for eg. huge canoes and not one oar. The Indians tone of awe is audible even though the poet does not give him a voice. Perhaps, this is to further emphasise the domination and oppression of the Sp anish colonisation of the Native Americans stamping out their voice, culture and traditions.The images used in the stanza are simple yet vivid as can be seen through the image of the belly cloths and Fluttering coloured signs. The second quatrain is stylistically interesting because the poet is conscious of the different perspectives that of the Indian man who tries to describe these unfamiliar objects by adapting them to those he is familiar with, and that of the reader who has a knowledge of account and immediately recognises the Indians attempt to describe the billowing sails, fluttering flags and clambering crews.The alliteration of the letter k sound in the last line of the second stanza And fluttering coloured signs and clambering crews, reminds us of the confusion and cacophony created by the sailors as they prepare to land. The third stanza, the sestet, begins with the conjunction And, linking it to the previous stanzas. There is now a Volta as the focalise shifts to the I ndians reaction to the caravels. There is an even greater use of caesura which creates an abrupt and staccato one shot which might reflect the fear that has overcome the Indian, maybe his accelerated heartbeat too.The Volta between the second and third stanzas is also evident in the rhyme scheme which suggests the inevitable, impending conclusion to this sighting as the caravels deliver to the shore, and all their seamen land. The final stanza draws a clear contrast between the native, who is naked and alone and the many sailors disembarking Columbus doom-burdened caravels. The Indians nakedness suggests his primitive lifestyle and his defencelessness. The Indian reacts in fear and drops his shells.This symbolises the hang of the native civilisation his face turns white and he also kneels behind a stone. He stares at this monstrous sight and did not understand the full impact of what was unfolding before his eyes. The poets role is to make the contrast between the Spanish and t he Indian evidently clear and simple to the reader, in browse to draw our attention to the other side of the story which is rarely told in history books. This is emphasised by the choice of perspective for the poem.The image of Columbus doom-burdened caravels is a powerful one, suggesting a grimly mocking or cynical tone because these caravels symbolise the beginning of the corruption of old civilisations. The final image of the sailors landing on shore is ominous, adding to the heaviness that weighs upon the readers knowledge of what will inevitably follow. The poem ends abruptly as the poet does not need to tell us anything else due to the readers knowledge of what happens next which has been documented in the history books.

Androids History Essay Example for Free

Androids History EssayApps can be downloaded from third-party sites or by online stores such as Google Play (formerly Android Market), the app store run by Google. In June 2012, there were to a greater extent than 600,000 apps available for Android, and the estimated number of applications downloaded from Google Play was 20 billion. Android became the worlds leading smart speech sound platform at the end of 2010. For the first quarter of 2012, Android had a 59% smart visit market share worldwide. At the half of 2012, there were 400 zillion devices activated and 1 million activations per day. Analysts point to the advantage to Android of being a multi-channel, multi-carrier OS.HISTORY Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United States in October 2003 by Andy Rubin,Rich Miner Nick Sears and Chris White to develop. Google acquired Android Inc. on August 17, 2005, making Android Inc. a tout ensemble owned subsidiary of Google.VERSION HISTORYAndroid has been updat ed frequently since the original release of Astro, with each infantile fixation bugs and adding new features. Each sport after Astro and Bender is named in alphabetical order. List of Android version code names ?Android consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel 2. 6, with middleware, libraries and APIs write in C and application software running on an application framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony. Android uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time compilation. The main hardware platform for Android is the ARM architecture

Herman Mudgett Essay Example for Free

Herman Mudgett EssayProblem StatementH. H. Holmes was dubbed the inaugural manful back-to-back slayer in the United States however, his profile did non inherently fit the characteristics of a male resultant k distresser. Should H. H. Holmes be considered a Black widow woman?PurposeImagine a killer who savoured torturing his victims with a miscellany of methods, but got paid for it. Meet Dr. H. H. Holmes or also k like a shotn as The Torture Doctor. He was a serial killer who hit wampum in the late nineteenth century. He killed with the tendency of receiving money, mostly in the form of insurance claims. Criminologists have characterized this as a trait mostly be to female person serial killers. It is Black Widows who kill relatives for the insurance money. Therefore Holmes should be classified as having exchangeable characteristics to a Black Widow or that of a female serial killer.FindingsHerman Webster Mudgett born May 16, 1861 to Levi and Theodate Mudgett in Gilm anton, New Hampshire had a privileged life. His family was wealthy and he was a bight child. (5) His household was run with a strict Methodist structure and his father was a violent alcoholic. He was bullied in school and in one instance forced to face a real skeleton which is believed to be the start of his fascination with corpses. (2) He became curious with Anatomy afterward that. Mudgett expressed a colossal interest in medicine and was enrolled in the University of Michigan in 1882. He excelled in Chemistry and Anatomy and they come outed to be a subjective talent for him. He was extremely eager to work on the cadavers. (2) He graduated in 1884. This was a unique feature for a serial killer because most serial killers do not shade school. (2) It is not because they are not intelligent enough it is because they lack the need. This is where Mudgett was different he had the persistence and motivation to finish school. It was easier because it was any(prenominal)thing he di d enjoy and it was a gateway for his early crimes.Mudgett would steal corpses from the medical school after making false insurance claims on a person, naming himself the beneficiary. He would distort the bodies making it tone of voice like an accident and thusly identify the body as the person he took the claim reveal on. (1) This is most likely the reason he stayed in school he was making a profit. This is where he started use his alias Henry Howard Holmes or H. H. Holmes and Herman Mudgett would level(p)tu wholey cease to exist.(2) His crime spree and fascination with corpses would go well after medical school. After a string of insurance fraud and traveling the dry land Holmes made it to Chicago. He began working at a drug store owned by an ill Dr. Holton in the neighborhood of Englewood. Holton died not long after and Holmes convinced Mrs. Holton to sign all over the pharmacy to him and then she mysteriously disappeared. (5) While owning the drug store he continued to s cam commonwealth roundtimes interchange false drugs and avoiding paying back his credit. (2) Holmes did enjoy making money and tricking people, but he wanted more.Holmes bought an domain on 63rd street and Wallace right across the street from the pharmacy that would later be called the Murder fort. The whirl of the posit was very curious. Holmes was the architect and eternally kept a change of workers so he was the all one who ever knew the full structure of the building. (2) It was three stories with the ground floor belonging to commercial buildings including his resettled drug store. The top two were designated for his murderous fantasies. It had a labyrinth structure and consisted of false doors, windowless rooms, chutes, and trap doors. (5) The Castle was equipped with secret passages, trapdoors, soundproof rooms, doors that could be locked from the outside, gas jets to asphyxiate victims, and a kiln to cremate the bodies. (3) The basement is what held even worse hor rors. There was a furnace big enough to hold a human body and huge acid baths. There were also tables where he could perform on the bodies. (2) The Castle would open a door for Holmes to make even more money.Holmes was a man who would make money off of anything he could and his killings were no different. After he had tortured and killed he victims he would clean and mount their bones. In the basement some were meticulously dissected, stripped of flesh, crafted into skeleton models (5) He would then sell the skeletons to medical schools and doctors offices.(2) He had gained connections with these places, so no one questioned him. (5) He was living out his fantasies and making money off of it and now the perfect opportunity was about to come along. The 1893 Worlds Columbian Exchange in Chicago would take place only a couple miles from Holmes home The Castle. The fair lasted from May to October. Holmes opened his building for the visitors and furnished and ran it like a hotel. Unfortu nately, some of his guests did not survive his hospitality. (1) Just like most serial killers Holmes picked easy targets tourists.Few people would know exactly where they were staying and it would be awhile in the first place anyone reported them missing. up to now Holmes did differ from other male serial killers in that he did not stick to a type. roughly of his victims did happen to be women, but he also killed children and men. Disappearances associated with the fair were linked to his castle (1) Outside of using his castle on ignorant tourists he was a seducer of women. Many of Holmes victims were women whom he had seduced and tricked into signing over their life savings. He usually employed females to work for him many of whom were required as a consideration of employment to take out life insurance policies for which Holmes would pay the premiums but also be the beneficiary (5) and these women would later become his victims. Some of these women he killed where women who h e had tricked in to giving him their property after they belief he was going to marry them. One example was Julia Conner and her daughter Pearl. She was a mistress of Holmes and got pregnant. She demanded marriage and Holmes hold if he could perform an abortion.Julia agreed, but mysteriously vanished along with her daughter. (2) He also promised Emiline Segrand marriage if she gave him her life savings. He sealed her in his vault where she suffocated to death. (2) He did have a marriage that actually went through, three in fact. He did have three marriages that all happened to coincide with each other. His first married woman Clara Lovering was before he went to medical school. He filed for divorce at the time of his second wife, but it failed to go through. After he began using his alias H.H. Holmes he married Myrta Belknap in 1887. He lived with her and their daughter, Lucy, in Illinois for a while before he made it to Chicago. Holmes married is third wife, Georgiana Yoke, in 18 94 after his killing spree in Chicago. apiece one of these women neer became one of Holmes victims and would live out their lives not knowing he was a serial killer till he was caught. (5) The only person who ever knew about what Holmes did was Benjamin Pitzel. Benjamin Pitzel became associated with Holmes when Holmes was first constructing the Castle.Pitzel was a carpenter who was a drunkard that could never hold a job go through. Holmes needed a right hand man who was tough and would do anything for money Pitzel fit this description and had already move petty crimes. (2) Pitzel was married with five children and needed to provide for his family, so he did what Holmes asked him to. Together Pitzel and Holmes burdented a great deal of fraud and forgery. When Holmes was forced to leave Chicago because creditors were closing in Pitzel followed. They went cross country and continued to commit more fraud and other suspected killings under different aliases. (5) During one of these crimes Holmes was incarcerated for the first time in his life. Running low on money and needing to escape plan. Holmes and Pitzel concocted a plan where they would get Pitzels wife to take out an insurance claim on him and then they would fake Pitzel death. (5) Before they could get started on the scam Holmes was arrested for a different crime that landed him in a Texas jail. For some reason Holmes spilled his entire plan to his cellmate Marion Hedgepeth, a convicted train robber.Hedgepeth gave Holmes the name of a shady attorney in return for $ viosterol of the money he got. (4) Holmes was shortly bailed out by his new wife Georgiana Yokes. (2) Holmes was now beginning to make erroneousnesss and the law was going to catch up with him. Now Holmes could get on to finish the scam of faking Pitzels death, but Holmes did not fake it, he actually killed his longtime associate. This was most likely his plan all along he wanted to get rid of loose ends. Holmes and his attorney, acquired f rom his source cell mate, identified the body. Mrs. Pitzel unknowing it to be her real husband split the money with the two men, but in the end Holmes finish up with most of her share. (2) Holmes was becoming paranoid and realizing that he was making mistakes. Becoming concerned that the five Pitzel children exponent expose him, he went away with three of the children, eventually killing them. (1) There was still one mistake out there that would lead to his demise.Almost two months after Pitzels body was found Hedgepeth, the former cellmate, sent information about the insurance fraud to police when he never received his payment from Holmes. Police sent the Pinkertons, a private security guard and detective agency on Holmes running (5) What they discovered would be horrifying. Holmes was caught on November 17, 1894 in Boston. His only outstanding charge was on a horse cavalry theft and detectives needed more to hold him. It was only when his old custodian from the Castle inform ed the governing that he was never allowed to clean the upper floors did they found out about his murders past by find Holmess efficient methods of committing murders and then disposing of the corpses. (5) Along with Holmes vast array of obvious torture equipment, pieces of human bones were discovered. no(prenominal) of the murders were proven because of the lack of evidence except for four that of Benjamin Pitzel and his three children.Police tracked down the childrens bodies when chasing Holmes across the country. The two girls were found in Toronto and the boy in Indianapolis. (5) Holmes reign had come to an end. It was never discovered how many people H. H. Holmes had actually killed, but missing people and peculiar activity always seem to surround him not including the fact that he had a killing house. No one go out ever be certain the only person who may have known the true taradiddle was killed by Holmes. Also Holmes confessed his innocence until the day he was hung on M ay 7, 1896 at age 34. (2) Towards the end, however, he did come clean but his story always seemed to change. He did confess to 27 murders, but some researchers have suggested it exceeds 200. (3) The one confession he did seem to stick with was that he said he resembled the Devil. (2) whatever the number Holmes was a serial killer who learned how to make a profit off of it. codaDr. H. H. Holmess characteristics did not fit that of a normal male serial killer. For starters he finished college foreign most of his predecessors. It exponent have been due to the fact that he had endless cadavers to work on or because he was planning his criminal career. Holmes also received monetary gain from most of his victims. He did enjoy seducing and killing victims, but his motives did involve receiving money. This is a trait often associated with female serial killers. Criminologists distinguish traits from male and female serial killers. One of the traits associated with females is that their m otives usually involve monetary gain. The Black Widow is a female serial killer who kills her husband or other relatives to receive the insurance money. Holmes fits this description because most of his victims were women whom he had seduced and promised marriage or employees after receiving rights to their property. Holmes fits characteristics of both genders, but the profile of a Male Black Widow fits him more than anything. RecommendationsHolmes should be classified as a Black Widow even though he is a male. It is true the biggest trait of a Black Widow is the female part, but gender should not be as important as motive. Gender unconsidered Holmes clearly fit the description. Therefore criminologist might reconsider classifying primarily on gender. Looking primarily at gender leaves gaps and flukes that do not seem to fit the normal stereotype in profiling and Holmes proves that. Holmes is a Black Widow.Bibliography(1) H.H. Holmes. 2012. Biography.com 18 Apr 2012, 0628 http//www. biography.com/people/h-h-holmes-307622 (2) H. H. Holmes Americas First Serial Killer. Dir. flush toilet Borowski. Waterfront Productions, 2004. Documentary. (3) John Philip, Jenkins. Mudgett, Herman Webster. Britannica Biographies (2011) 1. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 18 Apr. 2012 http//ezproxy.scottsdalecc.edu2309/ehost/detail?sid=87fc7c73-9859-4344-a053-88394e30cdd1%40sessionmgr15vid=4hid=13bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3ddb=f5hAN=32418760 (4) Martin, John B. The Master of the Murder Castle A Classic of Chicago Crime. Harpers Magazine. Harpers Magazine Foundation, Dec. 1943. Web. 18 Apr. 2012. http//www.harpers.org/archive/1943/12/0020617. (5) Wikipedia contributors. H. H. Holmes. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 16 Apr. 2012. Web. 18 Apr. 2012. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._H._Holmes

Cat on a Hot Tin Roof Essay Example for Free

Cat on a Hot Tin ceiling EssayThe character Margaret is married to Brick, the son of large protactinium. They live together in Big daddys house, along with his wife, Big Mama. We, as readers learn a lot about her character from the way she speaks, by what is give tongue to about her and by the floor directions. We also gain a good insight into her relationships with the people most her.Margarets relationship with Brick comes crossways as quite bizarre. His lack of interest in what she has to say gives the impression that he doesnt care and also shows a slight lack of respect. For example, when Brick replies to Maggies first line in the play, he says Whad you say, Maggie? The leg directions prior to his response read A t unity of politely feigned interest, masking indifference or worse. Other stage directions describing his attitude to Maggies statements share the same negativity such as Without interest., Wryly, Absent mindedly, Dreamily, go alonged by sarcastic commen ts.We also get the impression that Brick doesnt find his wife as attractive as another(prenominal) men do. On page twenty-one, Maggie says Way he always drops his eyeball down my body when Im talkin to him, drops his eyes to my boobs an licks his old chops The fact that shes telling her husband how other men show interest in her comes across as a subtle hint to her husband that perhaps he should appreciate her more. Almost lull herself, as well as him that shes an attractive woman. Bricks response besides doesnt seem like the reply she was looking for. He describes her talk as disgusting. Theres also a sense of insecurity on Maggies front. When she catches Brick staring at her, she asks him continuously what hes thinking when he stares at her like that. On page twenty-five, Maggie says I wish you would stomach your looks This is a particular strange request to make of ones partner. It makes readers assume she doesnt want to be attracted to Brick any longer. This surmise is so on backed up with further lines on page twenty-eight when the couple talk of the conditions Maggie has to follow in order for Brick to continue living with her. They also refer to their bedroom as a cage, loose the sense of entrapment.Margarets relationship with Mae seems strained and false. Maggies continuous insulting of Maes children gives the impression that they dont get along particularly well. The matter of children in Maggie and Bricks relationship also seems awkward. Mae seems to take a patronising tone with Margaret on page xxix when she says Maggie, honey, if you had children of your own youd know how funny that is It seems that Mae is well aware of Maggies envy towards her for having children and likes to bring it up from time to time.Margaret much refers to Big Daddy when shes attempting to make Brick jealous. When she was talking of the man who was looking her up and down, she was talking of Big Daddy, Bricks father. She uses him as an example of a man who gives he r attention to try and get Brick to do the same. She also talks of Big Daddy not getting along with Gooper, Bricks brother or Mae. On page twenty, she says Big Daddy dotes on you honey. And he cant stand Brother Man and Brother Mans wife Big Daddy is also supposed to be dying of cancer, therefore theres a lot of talk of who will be getting the large share of his will.Margaret is obviously very aware of her sexuality. On the first page of the play, a stage direction says She steps out of her dress, stands in a slip of ivory satin lace. She also cares a lot about her appearance and what Brick thinks of her. I feel this because of her asking Brick what he thinks of her when he looks at her and because of stage directions such as She adjusts the angle of a magnifying mirror to straighten an eyelash Her relationship with her husband seems one sided and cruel. It seems as thought she wants children and a happy marriage like her sister in law however its made obvious that Brick doesnt shar e the same passion. We know from the continuous talk of Big Daddys will that she has dreams of existence rich. So far, Williams has made Maggie seem like a desperate, hurt character that covers her pain up with her sleazy personality.

Traffic Accidents Essay Example for Free

Traffic Accidents EssayTraffic accidents are on the rise these days. Most of the accidents caused injuries or either worse death. Research apply found that most of the accidents are caused by inexperienced drivers, for representative young drivers.Young drivers tend to be more daring and are unable to avoid a crush when they face one. They tend to be more daring after drinking alcohol at night and this causes them to lose control of the car. Drunk driving will not only risk a persons own life but may also cause an innivent life to be lost. The government should encour epoch the driving school to conduct driving lessons foryung drivers for a longer period. This will distribute them a clear picture about how accidents happen and teach them about the safety of differents on the road. Drivers that have been in an accident after drunk driving should be ban from driving for at least two years and be given driving lessons again.However, for the aged drivers, the government should not only get down the age limit but also check the capability of the aged drivers for instance eyesight, hearing and other related health conditions to ensure safe driving. It does not mean that an aged person are not fit to drive and has a problem with the heart but a young or a middle aged person could also have heart failure these days.To conclude, I feel that to progress the agelimit of young drivers arenot the best solution but to give them more driving lessons about the problems they may insure on the road and to ban them from driving if they have caused an accident due to carelessness. As for the age drivers, as long as they are capable on the road before a certain age and there are no health issues there shouldnt be a problem.

Impacts of Technology on Civil Liberties

Impacts of engineering on elegant LibertiesThe Impact of the Widespread Use of info and dialogue Technologies on Civil LibertiesAbstractAdvances in discipline and intercourse technologies get presented new-sprung(prenominal) opportunities and problems for the parliamentary law. The opportunities that apply become obvious with regard to the application of these technologies include collision the changing demands of the public for enhanced service delivery, an ability to communicate instantaneously over vast distances and be able to store or retrieve vast amounts of breeding as payoffously as world able to interact with a large number of separates or organisations by providing them with information over the network etc. However, these new developments often leave the public sector actors conf affaird beca utilisation they atomic number 18 often backfire by legacy values and outdated socio economic morality. As democratic societies debate the ethics of the new situat ion with which they kick in been confronted, a electromotive force exists for the occurrence of a large number of cases involving a sincere mis brain of computers and computer based colloquy with implications for civilized liberties in a society. Such misunderstandings fuel imagine that a large number of individualists whitethorn have their privacy encroached upon, their computing equipment seized and their lives hampered for no real reason. Although governances do have a duty to ensure that dissimilar actors argon non indulging in activities that are pestilential to the society as a whole or to members of a society, it is also all important(p) that destitute individuals are not maligned. Information and talk technologies have placed an awesome power in the work force of those who have the imagination to dream up new make use ofs for such technologies and lawmakers have to some how residue the rights of the individuals and those of the society as a whole. This br ief essay takes a look at some of the implications of the widespread use of information and communications technologies on civil liberties.Contents (Jump to)IntroductionAdvances in Technology Provide a Wider Range of Options on Civil LibertiesConclusionsBibliography/ReferencesIntroductionCivil liberties refer to the licenses that are enjoyed by the citizens of a recite without interference from governments. Examples of civil liberties include freedom of assembly, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, right to privacy, right to self defense mechanism and the right of due motion in law as well as the right to a fair exertion by a competent court (Wikipedia, 2006, Civil Liberties). The previously mentioned freedoms and rights are usu all toldy granted to citizens by virtue of legal enactments that have been written into the laws of a country, including its constitution. The constitutions of various states provide a varying degree of emphasis to civil liberties that erect be e njoyed by citizens, but nearly all countries of the world today do offer some degree of protection against interference by a government or early(a)s in the lives of a private citizen. As an example, the Australian physical composition guarantees freedom of religion, the southwest Korean Constitution requires that the government protect the privacy as well as dignity of its citizens and the Constitution of the linked put ups of America, through with(predicate) the first ten amendments that are called the Bill of Rights, requires that the government guarantee freedom of speech, freedom of press, freedom of assembly, freedom of religious worship, the right to bear arms, prevent search and seizure without just cause, brutal and unusual punishment and self incrimination as well as ensuring that a citizen is provided the rights to due process and a fair trial by an impartial jury. Any powers related to civil liberties or gentleman rights that have not been explicitly granted to t he Federal government in the United States Constitution are reserved by the citizens or the States of the Union. Although the United Kingdom lacks a codified constitution, this country along with umpteen an(prenominal) European countries are signatories to the European Convention on Human Rights, which stipulates the standards related to civil liberties and kind rights in European countries that are signatory to this pawn. The Human Rights exertion of the United Kingdom has been the vehicle for incorporation of many of the European Convention rights into United Kingdom law (Answers.com, 2006, Civil Liberties). Thus, many counties around the world have laws that extend guarantees associated with civil liberties to its citizens.Proliferation of computers, information technology and communications in the present pervasive computing come on has made it very convenient to maintain records related to persons and to indulge in surveillance as well as identification of individuals. Ma intaining detailed records just about all aspects of an individuals private life, rapid peeping and retrieval of information related to an individual, tapping of phone conversations and identification of suspicious communications from keywords as well as relatively foolproof identification of individuals from fingerprints or other biometric signatures such as dental records, DNA or the unique patterns of the iris and the transmission of very detailed records over vast distances in an instant are now quite possible (Akdeniz, 2001, Pp. 1 10), (Ashbourn, 2006, Pp. 1 20) and (Hassan, 2004, Pp. 1 7). It is, therefore, possible for a state or other vested interests to defame and abuse or try to take advantage of individuals as well as to deny them opportunities or to malign them in many ways through the power of information that stinkpot be manipulated by technology.This brief essay takes a look at the impact of the widespread use of information and communication technologies on civ il liberties in a society.Advances in Technology Provide a Wider Range of Options on Civil LibertiesWhereas the menace of international terror and the activities associated with organised crime have meant that governments do have a duty to be vigilant about the safety and security of its citizens and the nation, it is also important that a state, its functionaries or other powerful or mischievous interests in a society desist, or be prevented from undue interference in the private activities of an individual (Greenberg, 2004, Pp. 165 168). Such interference may have an appeal for many who may want to try and take undue advantage of information about a citizen that crapper be readily gathered, stored, transmitted and analysed using the new information and communication technologies. However, technology not only provides a potential for abuse, but it also provides benefits and enhanced safety for all in a society (Campbell, 1998, The kindly Impact of New Communications Technologies ). Thus, the advent of technology has attached a society and individual members of a society a greater power and a dress circle more options about what can be done to gather detailed information about an individual and to use such information in a number of ways by making it cognize to others. However, protecting civil liberties requires that such powers be controlled and that the gathering or release of information about individuals be restrained, unless sanctioned by competent and responsible members of a society in the wider interests of other members of the society, so that an individual is not unduly disadvantaged, threatened, abused or taken advantage of by the state or other vested interests in the society. The protection of civil liberties is essential for the evolution and development of an individuals personality as well as for the protection of any advantages that may have been made available to an individual through their ingenuity, hard work, force of circumstance, m anipulations by nature or as a result of a pose from the Divine (Tabata, 2006, Pp. 10 20 and 79 80), (De Boni, 2001, Pp. 1 3) and (Hutson, 2005, Pp. 7). However, it is equally important to safeguard the interests of all members of a society so that the activities of individuals or a group of individuals do not have a crushing impact on others (Lau, 2002, Pp. 1 3). Technology has, therefore, provided a greater number of options to a society about the values that it may want to maintain.It is obvious that advances in technology do make it possible for the government of a nation, or other vested interests, such as private telecommunication companies or ISP providers etc, to take advantage of these advances in order to either liberate or to oppress the mountain. Thus, the society is presented with choices and depending on what the interested powers want, a balance is struck between what may amount to oppression and what may be considered to be the reliable authority of the state or others to protect their interests. Debates about civil liberties have always been carried out in democratic societies, even though such debates may have been discouraged or censored in the more authoritarian countries (American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU, 2000, Letter to the Senate on legislation to Increase law Enforcement electronic watch). The more advanced nations have attempted to promote universal standards associated with civil liberties and human rights, but notwithstanding such efforts, what is acceptable as public law varies from one country to the other (Statewatch, 2006, Current hotshot Stories). A dictatorial regime in a third world country will not feel any remorse about using all the technology at its disposal to cop its opponents or to repress the masses. However, in the more certain world, civil rights groups, public interest groups, the judiciary, business interests and various branches of the government come to some sort of an agreement about how the c ivil liberties of citizens ought to be protected and what can be considered to be acceptable conduct on the part of the government and other interests. Certainly, the widespread use of information and communications technologies has provided greater opportunities to abuse the civil rights of individuals (Taylor, 2001, The Council of Europe Cyber crime Convention a civil liberties perspective). However, the previously mentioned technologies can also be used to safeguard civil liberties, educate the masses and provide better service to the community.In the United Kingdom, a very substantial increase in the number of phone tapping warrants has been observed in recent years and although this can be attributed to the war against spherical terrorism and organised crime, it has to be appreciated that no one can intercept private communications in the United Kingdom without a judicial warrant (Akdinez, 2001, Pp. 1 5). Disclosure of any entropy that is considered to be private is also an offence against the edict of Investigatory Powers mold 2000. Although the use of covert human intelligence gathering about suspects is not illegal under the previously mentioned Act, such activities can be challenged under the Human Rights Act. Thus, the British and European societies in general have placed a moderately high value on the protection of civil liberties and human rights in matters that are associated with the proliferation of information and communication technologies. In the lesser developed nations, such high standards are less likely to be hold (Waters, 1997, Telecommunications interception extending the reach or maintaining the status quo?). Surveillance is not just limited to law enforcement authorities, but in the United States such activities may also be carried out by an employer or others with a vested interest, without the apply of an employee or the individual ( subject field Science Foundation, 1998, Privacy Issues) and (Hutson, 2005, Pp. 7).Apart fro m an enhanced threat of surveillance or observe and threats to an individuals privacy, advances in technology have also produced new problems related to what can be done to prevent interested parties from violating the human rights of others. The awesome power of the internet makes it possible to libel anyone anonymously by writing messages about them as web heart and soul. Also, any information that ever makes it to the web can be readily copied and distributed all over the world (Electronic Frontier Foundation, 2006, secrete Speech). In gain to activities that are designed to bring persons into disrepute, it is also necessary to control the so called investment companies, online gambling websites and the in high spirits Yield Investment Pools that seem to regularly rip off individuals by tantalising them with huge returns on their investment of E-Gold or other similar electronic currency (Pokerpulse.com, 2006, Internet gambling and the Patriot Act). Despite warnings about fin ancial scams that are post on law enforcement websites by governments of the so called developed world, it appears that the regulators of the World Wide Web have little interest in ensuring that any web content is not fraudulent. It also appears that law enforcement agencies, even in the developed countries, are unable or unvoluntary to locate financial scam websites despite these being registered by authorised web registrants (Goldpoll.com, 2006, HYIP Ratings). Not a single HYIP has ever delivered anything resembling the investment that an unsuspecting individual makes as a payback, yet these websites are operating(a) with great impunity under the very noses of the global law enforcement agencies and regulators of the World Wide Web. Surely, civil liberties which include freedom of speech and freedom to engage in commerce do not extend to activities that are harmful to other members of the community. However, it has been observed that governments of the great democratic nations ar e willing to do precious little to pose financial scams on the web, even though they have tried to control what can be posted on the web (Center for majority rule and Technology, 2006, Reports and Articles CDT Sends Letter Opposing Mandatory Labelling). Thus, many new problems with a potential to damage members of a society by persons or groups with a vested interest have been created by advances in information and communication technologies. Although issues related to these new problems are being debated within societies and legislation is being gradually introduced to regulate new technologies, the process seems to be too slow and cumbersome to protect many who have already been victimised. Because of the global nature of the World Wide Web and the global reach of information and communication technologies, global cooperation is essential to regulate these new technologies in an ethical manner (Brosseau, 2002, Pp. 24 32). However, despite a dire need for cooperation, practical results have been exceedingly slow in materialising.ConclusionsFrom the previous discussion it can be concluded that the widespread use of information and communication technologies has created new opportunities as well as new dangers for the protection of civil liberties and human rights. Technology offers power which can be used to do good or to do evil and societies around the world are grappling with the issues of just how to balance civil liberties in relation to protecting the broader interests of the society at large and those of its other members. Different countries have drawn different lines in the air, but a great need exists for a global understanding of the issues involved and some sort of a global cooperation to regulate these new technologies with a global reach.Bibliography / ReferencesAkdeniz, Yaman et al. 2001. BigBrother.gov.uk State surveillance in the age of information and rights. Criminal Law Review, (February, 2001), pp. 73-90. Retrieved appalling 4, 2006. From http//www.cyber-rights.org/documents/crimlr.pdfAkdeniz, Yaman. 1997. First Report on UK Encryption Policy. Cyber-Rights Cyber-Liberties (UK). Retrieved sumptuous 4, 2006. From http//www.cyber-rights.org/crypto/ukdtirep.htmAmerican Civil Liberties Union, ACLU. 2000. Letter to the Senate on Legislation to Increase Law Enforcement Electronic Surveillance, Civil Asset Forfeiture, Prosecution of Juveniles in Federal Court, and to Make the Use of Encryption a campaign for Enhancing a Criminal Penalty. American Civil Liberties Union, ACLU. 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From http//www.ipc.on.ca/scripts/index_.asp?action=31P_ID=15007N_ID=1PT_ID=11351U_ID=0Center for Democracy and Technology. 2006. Reports and Articles. Center for Democracy and Technology. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.cdt.org/publications/articles.phpCivil Liberties Union of the Philippines. Policy Studies Group 1984, Technology as an instrument of domination Quezon City, Philippines Policy Studies Group, Civil Liberties Union.Clutterbuck , R. L., Jamieson, A., Lodge, J. 1991, Counter-terrorism in Europe implications of 1992 London Research base for the Study of dispute and terrorist act.Conaway, T. L. 1996. LIBEL IN CYBERSPACE FEDERAL JUDGES THE INTERNET. The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.keleka.net/pubs/combinedthesis.pdfCPSR. 2006. Privacy Civil Liberties. Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.cpsr.org/issues/privacy/index_html/view?searchterm=Civil%20LibertiesDe Boni, Marco and Prigmore, Martyn. 2001. Privacy and the Information Economy. Leeds Metropolitan University. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.leedsmet.ac.uk/ies/comp/staff/deboni/papers/IADIS2003-DeBoniPrigmore-1v1.pdfDemchak, Chris C and Kurt D. Fenstermacher. 2005. Balancing Security and Privacy in the 21st Century. University of Arizona. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=enlr=q= hive upzVAc1HDcIasJeller.arizo na.edu/kurtf/writing/Balancing-security-privacy-ISI-2004.pdf+technology,+security,+and+liberty+since+9/11Eid, Mahmoud et al. 2006. Cyber-Terrorism and the Information Sword. University of Ottawa. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.ucc.ie/info-mfcsit/SpecSess-Info/Eid.docElectronic Frontier Foundation. 2006. Free Speech. Electronic Frontier Foundation. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.eff.org/Censorship/Ethicsweb.ca. 2006. Computer Ethics. Ethicsweb.ca. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.ethicsweb.ca/resources/computer/publications.htmlFitzgerald Moore, P. 1996. Privacy and Technology. University of Calgary. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.ucalgary.ca/pfitzger/privacy.pdfGoldpoll.com. 2006. HYIP mental process Ratings. Goldpoll.com. Retrieved August 5, 2006. From http//www.goldpoll.com/Grant, R. A. Bennett, C. J. 1999, Visions of privacy policy choices for the digital age Toronto London University of Toronto Press.Great Britain. star sign Office 2004, Legislation on identity cards a consultation presented to Parliament by the Secretary of State for the Home Department by command of Her Majesty April 2004 London Stationery Office, 2004.Greenberg, Michael et al. 2004. Trying to Understand Behavioral Responses to Terrorism Personal Civil Liberties, Environmental Hazards, and U.S. Resident Reactions to the September 11, 2001 Attacks. Human Ecology Review, Vol. 11, No. 2, 2004. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her112/greenbergcraighillgreenberg.pdfHassan, Ismail A. 2004. Advances in Information Technology and its Implications on Privacy. Oslo University College. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.iu.hio.no/frodes/rm/ismail.pdfHewitt, P., Conference on Computers, R. a. t. R. t. P., subject Council for Civil Liberties, wreak of Data Processing Management 1979, Computers, records and the right to privacy the record of a conference held on 24 and 25 January 1979, organised by the instit ute of Data Processing Management, the National Computing Centre Ltd and the National Council for Civil Liberties London Input Two-Nine Ltd..Horniak, Virginia. 2004. Privacy of Communication Ethics and Technology. Mlardalen University. Retrieved August 4, 2006. From http//www.idt.mdh.se/utbildning/exjobb/files/TR0390.pdfHutson, Priscilla. 2005. Balancing profit Security and Privacy One Organizations Effort. Pace University. Retrieved August 4, 2006. 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